簡介

李崇菱教授為美國喬治城大學法律中心法學博士（S.J.D.），師承全球衛生法權威 Lawrence O. Gostin 教授，並具紐約州律師資格。李教授專長為全球衛生法、世界衛生組織（WHO）治理與健康人權，關注各國如何在疫情防控、全民健康保險與新興科技（如數位實聯制與人工智慧）之間設計兼顧效率與公平的法律制度。簡單來說，李教授的研究關心的是：各國如何用法律在「保護公共衛生」與「保障個人權利」之間找到合理界線，特別是在疫情期間、防疫措施設計、健保資源分配，以及數位監測與人工智慧等新科技快速發展的情況下。

在學術研究方面，李教授已於國際核心法律期刊與頂尖國際衛生期刊發表多篇論文，包括 Health and Human Rights、Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics、Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law、Bulletin of the World Health Organization、The Lancet Global Health、BMJ Global Health 等，並多次與各國國際衛生法學者與專家共同撰寫文章與政策研究。2019–2024 年間，李教授獲科技部「年輕學者養成計畫（哥倫布計畫）」補助，肯定其在國內外學術社群的潛力與表現。

2023 年，李教授以全體一致通過（unanimous decision）之方式獲選為 Global Health Law Consortium（全球衛生法律研究聯盟）正式成員，為該聯盟首位亞裔暨亞洲第一位女性學者，彰顯其在全球衛生法領域的學術貢獻與國際能見度。2025 年，李教授與 Sharifah Sekalala 教授及 Pedro Villarreal 教授共同在 Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 發表文章〈Artificial Intelligence and Data Surveillance: Embedding a Human Rights‑Based Approach〉，作為該刊全球衛生法特刊的一部分，該特刊旨在向 Lawrence Gostin 教授在全球衛生法之卓越貢獻致敬。該文從人權觀點系統分析人工智慧與資料監控在傳染病防治中的應用及其對隱私、自主與平等的影響，並對未來設計兼顧公共衛生與人權保障的防疫與數位健康治理架構，提出具體法律與政策建議。

為回應新冠疫情期間的人權爭議，李教授並與五十位國際衛生法與人權學者共同制定《人權與公共衛生緊急情況原則和指南》，這是國際法學專家與全球衛生法律聯盟歷時三年的集體研究成果。例如，這些分析框架與原則，可用來檢視數位實聯制或健康 App 的設計，協助減少不必要的個資蒐集與長期監控風險，同時兼顧疫情防控所需的公共衛生效果。

除學術著作外，李教授亦積極參與國際實務與公共討論，曾受邀於紐西蘭奧塔哥大學第 58 屆外交政策學院（New Zealand Otago Foreign Policy School）就全球衛生法的挑戰與機會發表專題演講，並在德國柏林‑勃蘭登堡科學院報告數位健康監測與東協非國家行為者之研究成果。李教授亦曾於哈佛大學佩特里‑弗洛姆中心 COVID‑19 系列網路研討會，以及日本早稻田大學、慶應義塾大學、廣島大學與京都大學授課與演講，並先後擔任瑞士日內瓦 Brocher Foundation 與日本廣島大學訪問學者。她曾為多國智庫與國際媒體提供專業意見，包括義大利國際政治研究所（ISPI）、Think Global Health、EJIL:Talk 等國際平台，以及臺灣科學媒體中心針對 WHO《大流行病協定》所作之專家說明，亦在疫情期間接受 The New Republic 與 Christian Science Monitor 等美國媒體專訪。在臺灣，李教授經常受邀於多所大學與研究機構演講，推動國內對國際衛生法與 WHO 治理議題之關注。在教學與指導方面，李教授歡迎對全球衛生、健保改革與數位健康議題有興趣的學生與同事討論研究構想或合作專案。

 

國際經歷
Global Health Law Consortium                                                              正式會員       
University of Gronening (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen)                                  訪問教授    
ICON-S 健康權 國際工作小組                                                                 委員          
Brocher Foundations (Geneva)                                                               訪問學者    
新加坡國立大學生物醫學倫理學中心AI與健康治理工作小組                            委員
新加坡國立大學生物醫學倫理學中心                                                          研究員
新加坡國立大學亞洲研究院                                                                      博士後研究員
美國紐約州律師                                                                                     2014

 
研究領域
國際衛生法、國際法和治理、國際人權法、生醫法律和倫理、全球衛生法

 
主要著作

一、期刊論文

1. Lee, T.-L., and Villarreal, P. A. “Global Health Law: Pandemic Resilience through a Rules-Based International Health Cooperation?” AJIL Unbound (forthcoming March 2026).
2. Lee, T.-L., and Lee, C.-L. “Temporal Accountability and Taiwan’s National Health Insurance System.” Health and Human Rights 27(2) (Dec 2025): 107–120. (SSCI; JIF 2.5; rank 39%)
3. Lee, T.-L., and Lee, Y.-L. “Maintaining the Right to Health: A Democratic Process in Taiwan.” Health and Human Rights 27(1) (Jun 2025): 125–128. (Fight for Rights Series). (SSCI; JIF 2.5; rank 39%)
4. Lee, T.-L., Sekalala, S., and Villarreal, P. “AI and Data Surveillance: Embedding a Human Rights-Based Approach.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 53 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.17. (Invited Contribution). (SCI; JIF 1.6; rank 39%)
5. Lee, T.-L. “Digital Health Governance: ASEAN and the Three Narratives of Digital (In)justice.” European Journal of Legal Studies 16 (Special Issue) (2025): 101–159. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/78044. (Peer reviewed)
6. Lee, T.-L. Review of Global Health Law & Policy: Ensuring Justice for a Healthier World, eds. L. O. Gostin and B. M. Meier (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024). Asian Journal of International Law 15(1) (2025) (forthcoming).
7. Lee, T.-L. “Pandemic Accord, Digital Health Literacy, and Human Rights in the Era of Infodemic.” Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy 18 (2023): 397–422.
8. Lee, T.-L. “Realising the Right to Participate in Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response and Beyond.” BMJ Global Health 8(1) (2023): e011689. (SCI; JIF 7.1; top 5%; 20/403)
9. Lee, T.-L. “Taiwan and the 2005 IHR: Covid-19 and the Evolving Landscape of Global Health.” Chinese (Taiwan) Yearbook of International Law and Affairs 40 (2023): 213–224. (Invited Contribution)
10. Lee, T.-L. “The Rise of Technocracy and the Covid-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Courts, Human Rights and the Protection of the Vulnerable Populations.” German Law Journal 22(6) (2021): 1115–1132.
11. Lee, T.-L. “Covid-19 Vaccination Certificates and Their Geopolitical Discontents.” European Journal of Risk Regulation 2(2) (2021): 321–331.
12. Lee, T.-L. “The 2005 International Health Regulations: Taiwan, Compliance and the Exclusion Paradox.” Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy 16(1) (2021): 1–24.
13. Lee, T.-L. “Legal Preparedness as Part of COVID-19 Response: The First 100 Days in Taiwan.” BMJ Global Health 5 (2020): e002608. (SCI; JIF 7.1; top 5%; 20/403)
14. Lee, T.-L. “Global Health in a Turbulent Time: A Commentary.” Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy 15(1) (2020): 27–60.
15. Lee, T.-L. “Two Minutes to Midnight: What International Law Can Do about Genome Editing.” Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy 14(1) (2019): 227–265.
16. Lee, T.-L. “Making International Health Regulations Work: Lessons from the 2014 Ebola Outbreak.” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 49 (2016): 931–981. (W&L ranking: top 5, international law category)
17. Lee, T.-L., and Sawai, T. “Global Governance of Human Brain Organoid Research and Applications: A Role for the World Health Organization?” Molecular Psychology: Brain, Behavior, and Society 2(11) (2023).
18. Kataoka, M., Lee, T.-L., and Sawai, T. “The Legal Personhood of Human Brain Organoids.” Journal of Law and the Biosciences 10(1) (2023): 1–13. (SSCI; JIF 2.5; rank 4.3%)
19. Lal, A., Abdalla, S. M., Chattu, V. K., Erondu, N. A., Lee, T.-L., Singh, S., Abou-Taleb, H., Vega Morales, J., and Phelan, A. “Pandemic Preparedness and Response: Exploring the Role of Universal Health Coverage within the Global Health Security Architecture.” The Lancet Global Health 10 (2022): e1675–e1683. (SSCI; JIF 19; top 1.5%; 6/403)
20. Sawai, T., Hayashi, Y., Niikawa, T., Shepherd, J., Thomas, E., Lee, T.-L., Erler, A., Watanabe, M., and Sakaguchi, H. “Mapping the Ethical Issues of Brain Organoid Research and Application.” AJOB Neuroscience 13 (2022): 81–94.
21. Lee, T.-L., and Lysaght, T. “Conditional Approvals for Autologous Stem Cells: Conflicting Norms, Social Inequalities and Institutional Legitimacy.” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 61(1) (2018): 59–75.
22. Lee, T.-L., Lysaght, T., Hendl, T., Munsie, M., and Stewart, C. “Regulating the Stem Cell Industry: Needs and Responsibilities.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 95(9) (2017). https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.189977. (SSCI; JIF 11.1; top 5.7%; 12/207)
23. Lee, T.-L., and Lysaght, T. “Adaptive Pathways Regulations for Stem Cells: Accelerating Access to Medicine or Deregulating Access to Markets.” SCRIPTed 14 (2017): 81.
24. Lee, T.-L., and Huang, J.-W. “The Right to Health during the Pandemic: The Case of Taiwan.” The Journal of Science and Health Law 27(2) (2022): 47–77.
25. Labude, M., and Lee, T.-L. “Competencies of Member States Concerned and of Ethics Committees to Assess Trial Applications under the New EU Clinical Trials Regulation.” European Journal of Risk Regulation (2017): 178–185.
26. Lysaght, T., Lee, T.-L., Watson, S., Lederman, Z., Bailey, M., and Tambyah, P. A. “Zika in Singapore: Insights from One Health and Social Medicine.” Singapore Medical Journal 57(10) (2016): 528–529.
27. Lee, T.-L. “Book Review (Reviewing B. Harcourt, Exposed: Desire and Disobedience in the Digital Age (2015)).” European Journal of Risk Regulation 7(2) (2016): 463–465.
28. Lee, T.-L. “Dissecting Non-Communicable Diseases Policies: Why International Human Rights Are Relevant in the Current Regulatory State.” Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 106 (2012): 260–261.

二、專書篇章

Calvin Wai-Loon Ho & Tsung-Ling Lee, “Global Governance of Anti-microbial resistance: A Legal and Regulatory Toolkit”, Ethics and Antimicrobial Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, Editors: Euzebiusz Jamrozik and Michael Selgelid, CH. 25, 401-419 (2020).  

Tsung-Ling Lee, “Governing Neurotechnology Globally: Between Norms Fragmentation and Coherence”, in Neurolaw: legal impacts of Neurotechnology, Editors: Ana Maria D'Ávila Lopes (University of Fortaleza / Brazil),  Keigo Komamura (Keio University  / Japan) and Sebastian Smart (Anglia Ruskin University / England), CH 7, 91-106, Livraria do Advogado (Brazil) (2025) (Invited Contribution) 
 

三、報告

• Signatory, The Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Public Health Emergencies, University of Groningen Faculty of Law Research Paper No.14/2023, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4454622, May 21, 2023.

• Visibly Invisible: Taiwan and Global Health, Think Global Health, August 22, 2022.

• Moving Beyond a State-Centric Pandemic Preparedness Paradigm: A Call for Action, Alicia Ely Yamin, Joelle Grogan and Pedro Villarreal (eds.), International Pandemic Lawmaking: Conceptual and Practical Issues Report (Petrie-Flom Center and Max Planck Institute, November 2021), available at https://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/resources/article/international- pandemic-lawmaking

• Submission to the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response, Paper submitted to the World Health Organization's Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response, 2021.

• Fighting the Pandemic Taiwan’s Way, With Digital Innovation, ISPI, 19 April, 2021. 

• When Technocracy Replaces Democracy, Policy Forum, 9 August, 2021.

• Moving Beyond a State-Centric Pandemic Preparedness Paradigm: A Call for Action, Bill of Health, 27 September, 2021.

• Burci, Gian Luca, Fukuda-Parr, Sakiko, Gross, Aeyal, Lee, Tsung-Ling; Grogan, Joelle: Webinar: Beyond the State – Global Health Governance, VerfBlog, September 22, 2021  https://verfassungsblog.de/webinar-beyond-the-state-global-health-governance/

外部網站
 

• ResearchGate 

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tsung-Ling-Lee/research